Bragi and the Dead

by Galina Krasskova

Bragi by AsfodeloWhile not a God of the dead per se, Bragi as Skald of the Gods is perfectly positioned to teach us how to enhance our relationships with our ancestors. Skalds are, in their own way, liminal figures. They are truth speakers, tale weavers, and through the power of their gifts, they weave the threads of the past into a cohesive tapestry for the present. They navigate those often misty channels between the living and the dead, between all that has passed before, and all that will be given to the future. 

Part of a Skald or Bard’s job was to facilitate remembrance of the dead. Through the telling of their stories, the singing of songs, the speaking and sharing forth of their names and deeds, the dead, our honored ancestors, are able to draw near and live again and we are able to learn from their stories. The most sacred duty a Skald has is the duty of remembrance. He or she is able to teach the rest of us how to connect to our ancestors, how to honor them, how to maintain that most sacred connection. Moreover, Skalds are our tradition keepers, vessels of living memory.

Our ancestors had predominantly oral traditions. While they may have possessed writing, the dominant means of cultural transmission was not through the written word. This means that remembrance, values, connections to the ancestors, to the past, to the Holy Powers, and to the future was all woven together and maintained through the sharing of stories and songs. This is how the tradition thrived.  There is a saying in Lukumi: ‘when an elder dies, a whole world dies with him.’ This is all the more so of a Bard or Skald, who would have spent years and years studying the traditions of his or her people. They are, by the very nature of what they do and know, bridges between the world of the living and the world of the dead. The knowledge they bear and transform through the act of performing is a knowledge of culture told through the deeds of the dead, and that knowledge is transmitted through the creative synergy between listener and performer, just as the skills of a Bard would be transmitted from master to student through the process of training. 

When a master Skald passes on a song or intricate musical passage to a student, he or she is not just teaching technique; he is initiating that student into a world of tradition stretching back to the very beginnings of the craft itself, a craft that was born out of the deeds and longings, joys and sorrows of our ancestors. The teacher is the living conduit for a tradition that passed through him from his teacher, to his teacher from his teacher’s teacher, and so forth. It is transmission through the body of those actually performing the craft. Likewise, that collected tradition and all the knowledge that it holds is opened like a treasure box whenever a skilled bard or skald performs.

In her cultural history of ballet, author Jennifer Homans discusses the tradition of classical ballet, which shares with ancient bards and skalds both intensive training and the physical as the vehicle of knowledge-transmission:

“Ballet, then, is an art of memory, not history. … Memory is central to the art, and dancers are trained, as the ballerina Natalia Makarova once put it, to “eat” dances – to ingest them and make them part of who they are. These are physical memories; when dancers know a dance, they know it in their muscles and bones. Recall is sensual…and brings back not just the steps but also the gestures and feel of the movement. .. Thus ballet repertory is not recorded in books or libraries: it is held instead in the bodies of dancers.” (Homans, p. xix).

VanitasIt is much the same with the gifts of the Skald. Here, it is not only the physical and technical prowess of the ‘tradition-performer’ that comes into play, but also the willingness of the audience to listen and engage with and so become part of that process of cultural transmission. We who carry our ancestors in our bones: in our blood, marrow, skin, appearance, and dna celebrate them and carry their stories forward through the physical process of listening and interacting with those who hold one of the keys to opening the doorway between then and now. Telling our stories, honoring our dead, celebrating through song and tales and music and dance…these are important parts of rebuilding a tradition. That restoration does not occur through clinging to the written word. The written word provides history. It is a thing to be studied. Memory however is something quite different. It provides for the future and it is a thing to be lived. 

It’s important that we remember the dead. It’s important that we remember our ancestors, honor them, and call upon them regularly, helping them to remain part and parcel of our families and by extension communities. Honoring the dead benefits everyone. They provide strength, wisdom, guidance, and protection to their descendants. They lived, in many cases, the very traditions that we as Pagans and Heathens today are trying to restore. They can help root us in the origins of those traditions, origins that we have long forgotten. Their stories, their deeds – good and bad—formed us and the world we live in. Because of that latter, they too have an obligation to find, create, and maintain balance. They too share an obligation to restore right relationship between the living and the dead, between the living and the land, between the living and the Holy Powers, on all possible levels. 

Our world is hopelessly out of balance. So many indigenous traditions, including our own as Heathens and Pagans, have been sundered. It’s going to take both sides of that equation to return to some semblance of right relationship: it’s going to take the living and the dead working in tandem.  Bragi can help teach us how to do this.

Sometimes it can be very difficult to know where to start when it comes to honoring the ancestors. We don’t have a conscious cultural tradition today of doing so. Most of us (in American culture at least) did not grow up in homes with active ancestor shrines. I believe remembering the dead is almost a genetic impulse, but we live today in cultures that try to sanitize everything, and sometimes even to pretend that death doesn’t exist. Then there is so much abuse and damage so often perpetrated within families. It can be especially hard to move back past that to establish a working relationship with one’s own ancestors. Sometimes doing so can take an awful lot of hard work and a very long time.

There’s no shame in that. When honoring the dead, it’s important, very important, to remember that we are not just the product of the past few generations of our line. We have a line of dead going back to the day the first primal critter pulled itself out of the primordial ooze to try a little land living. We have our tribal Mothers and Fathers, ancient ancestors and very strong who watch over and protect the integrity of the line. We have friends and teachers, mentors, and those who inspire who may or may not be related to us by blood. They are ancestors too. If one is adopted, then one has adopted ancestral lines as well as biological. There is a rich and complex web of connections just waiting to be acknowledged and accessed. That it is difficult doesn’t take away from its importance. One can call on the dead to help forge this connection, but if that is too hard, going to the Gods can also help. Being in right relationship with our dead is part of what it means to live a healthy, whole, spiritually balanced life. This isn’t something just for shamans or mystics, spiritworkers or priests to do, it’s part and parcel of maintaining a stable household, in other words: something every man, woman, and child should be doing. This is our portion as responsible, hopefully pious human beings and adults.

That doesn’t mean one can’t call for a little help though. So if you are struggling in learning how to honor the dead, if you find it difficult to make or inhabit that connection, perhaps Bragi might be a good God to seek out for help. The very art and craft of which He is a God, rests on the shoulders of the dead after all. He too has a debt to them and what better way to discharge that debt than by helping us develop that ongoing contact? The skills of a Bard or Skald awaken dormant connections with our past, most especially with our ancestors. Call upon Bragi to help open those doors. Call upon Him joyously so that you  might learn to sustain those ancestral threads. Call upon Him and maybe, just maybe, He can help. 

funeralHail Bragi,
Skald of Asgard,
Walking amongst the Worlds,
Singer, Story  teller, Tale-weaver
Speaker for the Dead.
Memory-Keeper
Memory’s Teacher.
Hail, Bragi. 

Artwork at top of page by Asfodelo.